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In this article, we will discuss Is Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) an acid or base? Is it strong or weak, etc?
So, Is NH4OH an acid or base? NH4OH is a base. Because it is simply an aqueous solution of ammonia that contains two ions (NH4+ and OH–) và anything that has hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution is considered as the base in nature. The pH value of NH4OH lies between 7 to lớn 10.
| Name of Molecule | Ammonium hydroxide |
| Chemical formula | NH4OH |
| Molar mass | 35.04 g·mol−1 |
| Nature | Weak base |
| pH value | 7-10 |
Page Contents show
1 Why NH4OH is an base?
2 Is Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) strong base or weak base?
3 Uses of Ammonium hydroxide
4 Properties of Ammonium hydroxide
5 Summary
Why NH4OH is an base?
To Know Why NH4OH is acting as a Base? We have to look into the famous theory given by Arrhenius for the base compounds.
According to Arrhenius theory, the compound is said to lớn be Arrhenius base when it produces OH– ion through ionization or through dissociation in water và increases the concentration of OH– ions in an aqueous solution.
Now have a look at NH4OH dissociation in an aqueous solution.
⇒ NH4OH(aq) ⇔ NH4+(aq) + OH−(aq)
When ammonium hydroxide is dissolved in water, the ion-water attraction overcomes the attraction between ions, so it dissociates into the ammonium cation(NH4+) & hydroxide anion(OH–).
Also, Arrhenius states that a base is a compound that increases the concentration of hydroxide ion (OH–) in solution.
Ammonium hydroxide is itself a solution of ammonia in water that contains OH– ions, hence, we can say, NH4OH is an Arrhenius base.
Now we look for another most important acid-base theory which is the Bronsted-Lowry theory.
This theory states a compound is classified as a base when it accepts the proton from another compound.
A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor.A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor.Xem thêm: Top 10 Nước Kém Văn Minh Nhất Thế Giới, Nước Kém Văn Minh Nhất Trên Internet
Let’s kiểm tra whether NH4OH fulfills the requirement for classifying as Bronsted-Lowry base or not.
Consider the reaction of NH4OH with HCl.
Clearly, when NH4OH reacts with a strong acid like HCl, it accepts the one proton from it, hence, according khổng lồ the above definition, NH4OH will act as a Bronsted-Lowry base.
Is Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) strong base or weak base?
To know whether Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is a strong base or weak, you must know the basic difference between a strong base và a weak base.
Strong base: A compound is a strong base when it completely dissociates in an aqueous solution và liberates a large number of hydroxide ions. All moles of the strong base dissociate into hydroxide ion (OH-) & no part remains undissociated in the solution.
Example: Sodium hydroxide(NaOH), Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2), Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), Lithium hydroxide (LiOH), Potassium hydroxide (KOH), etc.
Also, Read:–
Weak base: A compound is a weak base when it partially or not completely dissociates in an aqueous solution. It means only some of the weak base dissociates in the solution to lớn produce OH– ion, and at equilibrium, both undissociated base and their ionized product are present in the solution.
Example- Ammonia (NH3), Methylamine (CH3NH2), etc.
Also, Read:–
So, Is Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) a strong base or a weak base? NH4OH is considered a weak base. Because it is an aqueous solution of ammonia which is also a weak base that means ” only a tiny fraction of ammonia reacts with water to khung ammonium ion and hydroxide ion. The vast majority just stays as NH₃“.
Also check:-
Ammonium hydroxide has a role as a food acidity regulator.It is used as a cleansing agent in many household works.It is also used as a sanitizer in industrial cleaners.It is used in the manufacturing process of chemical fertilizers.It is used in the production of organic and inorganic chemicals.It is also used in furniture darkening.It is used for various manufacturing products such as Plastic, Rubber, fertilizer. And rayon, etc.
Properties of Ammonium hydroxide
It is a colorless liquid solution of ammonia.It has a highly pungent odor.It has a boiling point of 37.7 °C và a melting point of −57.5 °C.It is miscible in water.Its standard enthalpy of formation is -80 Kilojoules per mole.It can cause severe irritation on direct liên hệ with the skin for the long term.Summary
Ammonium hydroxide is a solution of ammonia in water that appears as a colorless liquid with a highly pungent odor having a pH value between 7 to lớn 10. It has a molar mass of 35.04 g/mol. It is often denoted by the symbol NH3 (aq) and is also known as ammonia water or aqueous ammonia. At last, with some important points of this article on Is NH4OH an acid or base? we will finish it.
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